Who is angelo roncalli

During this period, which lasted until , he made contacts and resolved conflicts outside the Christian community with simplicity, tact and humanity. A few days later, on January 15, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice. This new position gave him the opportunity to revive his pastoral work and visit parishes, hospitals and prisons to meet with the faithful. Pontificate Cardinal Roncalli was elected Pope on October 28, at the age of The Council brought Church teachings, discipline and organization into the modern world.

He died as a result of illness on June 3, He chooses for his bishop's motto Obedientia et Pax —Obedience and Peace. I let others waste their time dreaming about what might happen to me The idea that one would be better off somewhere else is an illusion. At the same time he deals deftly with the variety of Christian denominations in the country: the Bulgarian Catholics are a minority in a country where the official church was the Bulgarian Orthodox one.

By the time he leaves the country, Archbishop Roncalli is widely admired for his perseverance, good humor and patience. His next diplomatic role will likewise call on his ecumenical skills: having earned the reputation as an expert on the Balkan region, Roncalli is appointed apostolic administrator in Istanbul. Here too the archbishop will deal with a wide variety of Christian denominations. In addition, Archbishop Roncalli is responsible for entering into good relations with the , Orthodox Christians in the area and negotiating with the often suspicious Turkish government as the world is consumed once again by war.

Indeed, his journals show special concern for the Jews, who he calls "children of the promise. In he receives word of his appointment as apostolic nuncio , or ambassador, to France.

Postwar France calls on all of Roncalli's diplomatic skills. In the end they are discreetly removed. He deals deftly with the new worker-priest movement. Their theology would emphasize a return to Scripture and to the early church fathers; it would also provoke condemnations from many in the Vatican. Archbishop Roncalli handles all of these concerns with charity and tact. The nuncio also becomes a fixture in larger French cultural world.

His French, however, is far from fluent. After a microphone malfunctions during one of his Masses, he says, "Dear children, you have heard nothing of what I was saying. Don't worry. It wasn't very interesting. I don't speak French very well. My saintly mother, who was a peasant, didn't make me learn it early enough! Archbishop Roncalli is especially popular with the diplomatic corps in France, of whom, by longstanding protocol, the Vatican nuncio was the head. Their respect may have been a tribute to his diplomatic skills, but their affection was a tribute to his personality, his warmth and, often, his wit.

During a dinner party in Paris he was asked, "Aren't you embarrassed, Monseigneur , when there are women present who wear very low-cut dresses? It's often a scandal. Why no," the nuncio replied, "When there's a woman with a plunging neckline, they don't look at her.

They look at the apostolic nuncio to see how he's taking it. Roncalli had faithfully kept a journal his whole life that he began in his days as a seminarian. Published after his death as Journal of a Soul , it is a remarkable document that gives the reader a sense of the sweep of Catholic history from through Yet when I first read it not long after the Long Retreat at Gloucester, it seemed remarkable less for its historical interest than for its spiritual value; it offers a window into the soul of one of the great religious figures of our time.

Moreover, it shows that Roncalli's spiritual stance scarcely changed over his lifetime. Paradoxically, his spiritual "growth" consisted in maintaining the simple piety of his youth in the face of his increasing authority and power. It is a piety based on humility and obedience, and a reliance on God that only deepens as Roncalli moves up in Vatican circles. A few weeks after a seminary retreat in , he writes: "A month has already gone by since I came out from the holy Exercises.

Where I have got to now in the way of virtue? Oh poor me! So it will be for him to cover up my failings and supply my insufficiencies. This comforts me and gives me tranquillity and confidence. He will need all of his humility in the coming years. In Archbishop Roncalli is informed that he would soon named a cardinal and to prepare to become archbishop of Venice.

Before departing Paris he invites to dinner the eight men who had served as prime minister during Roncalli's term as nuncio. Only under the nuncio's roof, say Parisians, could so French politicians with such diverse views meet in such a friendly way.

When he assumes leadership of the archdiocese in a grand ceremony the city's gondoliers had repainted their gondolas in preparation he was Over the door to his study he places the motto Pastor et Pater —pastor and father—to remind him of the nature of his new job, which he expects will be his last. He enjoys Venice, its people, its history.

Even the rumors of his being papabile , that is, possible papal material, he dismisses. But in , at the conclave to select a successor to Pius XII, Roncalli becomes one of the early favorites.

Ettore Castiglioni He guided and took to safety Jews and political persecuted through Alpine passes. Sister Donata Castrezzati The Mother Superior who hid several Jews and victims of political persecution in his elder care institute. Giuseppe Castruccio - The consul who set up the "rescue train". Aura Lolita Chavez Human rights activist in Guatemala.

The Chilesotti family Prof. Anna Christensen When the danger to Jews increased, she organized, with the help of her friends, hiding places for the Jewish children. Reinhold Chrystman He saved nearly Jews, including many children. Alessandro Cofini - Agricultural entrepreneur from Abruzzo who saved the Jewish family Nathan from persecution. Corrado Bonfantini - Promoter of the socialist ideals of freedom and social justice. Father Placido Cortese - A priest who saved several Jewish refugees and soldiers scattered after September 8, Eugenio Damiani - Lombard building contractor who transformed his house into a refuge for anti-fascists.

De Bernardinis and other rescuers from the Abruzzi The families that hosted the Jews fleeing from Rome. De Regibus Family They hid and saved a Jewish family. Diamandis Diamandopoulos He protected a Jewish family. Ho Feng Shan - The first diplomat who saved Jews by issuing visas for them to let them escape from the Holocaust. Attilio Francesetti - The mountain Righteous. Fritz Michael Gerlich - A journalist against Hitler.

Kiichiro Higuchi - The Japanese officer who saved 2, Jews. Karl Jaspers - German philosopher who refused to bend to the Nazi regime and laid the foundations of the elaboration of the Shoah's responsibilities. Jan Karski - He tried in vain to warn the Great Powers about the genocide against the Jews.

Dimitri Klepinin - He forged Christening certificates for the persecuted Jews. Janusz Korczak - Educator, he followed the Jewish children into the Warsaw Ghetto and in deportation.

Ciril Kotnik - Diplomat who saved Jews and anti-fascists, died from the torture suffered by the Nazis. Primo Levi - The writer who bore witness to the Holocaust. Luz Long - The German athlete who suggested the winning strategy to his black adversary Jesse Owens, thus becoming a universal symbol of brotherhood among the peoples. Carl Lutz - Swiss diplomat. Maria Vittoria Zeme The red cross volunteer nurse interned in the nazi lager of Zeithain. Emilia Marinelli Valori - She risked her own life to organize a secret activity to give hospitality and assistance to many Jews and other people persecuted.

Knud Marstrand Christensen Along with his wife, he managed to save dozens of Jews by hiding them first and then transporting them to Sweden.

Maria Mascaretti - A courageous employee, she put her life on the line to save dozens of Vogherese Jews from persecution. Raffaele Mattioli - The humanist banker who helped his Jewish coworkers to flee, saving them from the racist laws. Majda Mazovec - The Slovenian student in Padua, who became a courier of the Resistance to save civilian and military refugees. Father Primo Mazzolari - A brave priest who stood up to the Nazi. Ugo Moglia Displaced in Pedemont, he took away with himself a Jewish family.

Father Elio Monari - The great man behind a rescue network for Jews and antifascists. Giorgio Paglia - Anti-fascist who saved the lives of Jewish children at the risk of his own. Giuliano Pajetta - The leader of the Resistance who took care of his companions in the lager, risking his life. Giovanni Palatucci - The police officer in Fiume who helped several Jews. Ubaldo Pesapane - The scribe of Flossenburg who helped the Jews. Dimitar Peshev - He rescued 48, Bulgarian Jews from deportation. Harald Petersen?

Angelo served this social-minded prelate for nine years, acquiring first-hand experience and a broad understanding of the problems of the working class. He also taught apologetics, church history, and patrology. With the entry of Italy into World War I in he was recalled to military service as a chaplain. On leaving the service in he was appointed spiritual director of the seminary, but found time to open a hostel for students in Bergamo.

It was at this time also that he began the research for a multi-volume work on the episcopal visitation of Bergamo by St. Charles Borromeo, the last volume of which was published after his elevation as pope. In he was called to Rome to reorganize the Society for the Propagation of the Faith.